FIT Practical 11 to 30
11. Create a table listing different types of Intellectual
Property (IP).
|
Type |
Description |
Real-World Example |
|
Patent |
Legal protection for
inventions |
Microsoft’s Windows OS
technology |
|
Copyright |
Rights over creative works |
Movies, Books, Software |
|
Trademark |
Brand name or logo identity |
Nike “Swoosh” logo |
|
Trade Secret |
Confidential business information |
Coca-Cola formula |
12. Short note: How digital businesses protect their intellectual
property
Digital businesses protect their intellectual property through:
·
Software Licensing: Restricts unauthorized use or distribution.
·
Watermarking: Protects digital images or videos from theft.
·
Copyright Notices: Indicate ownership and prevent misuse.
·
Encryption: Secures data and content shared online.
13. Create a database-like table in Excel.
|
Emp_ID |
Name |
Dept |
DOJ |
Salary |
|
101 |
Arjun |
HR |
01-01-24 |
50000 |
|
102 |
Meena |
Finance |
15-02-24 |
60000 |
|
103 |
Kiran |
Sales |
12-03-24 |
45000 |
|
104 |
Neha |
IT |
25-04-24 |
70000 |
Process Steps:
1. Open Microsoft Excel on your computer.
2. In cell A1, type "Emp_ID" as the first column header.
3. In cells B1, C1, D1, and E1, type "Name",
"Dept", "DOJ", and "Salary" respectively.
4. Enter the employee data in rows 2-5:
- Row 2: 101, Arjun, HR,
01-01-24, 50000
- Row 3: 102, Meena,
Finance, 15-02-24, 60000
- Row 4: 103, Kiran,
Sales, 12-03-24, 45000
- Row 5: 104, Neha, IT,
25-04-24, 70000
5. Select the entire data range (A1:E5).
6. Go to the "Insert" tab and click "Table"
(or press Ctrl+T).
7. Ensure "My table has headers" is checked and click
OK.
8. Your database-like table is now created with filtering and
formatting options.
14. Apply sorting (Salary high→low) for the above dataset.
Process Steps:
1. Select any cell in the data table.
2. Go to the "Data" tab in the Excel ribbon.
3. Click on "Sort" button.
4. In the Sort dialog box, select "Salary" from the
"Sort by" dropdown.
5. Choose "Largest to Smallest" order.
6. Click OK.
Result: The data will be rearranged with highest salary (70000 -
Neha) at the top and lowest salary (45000 - Kiran) at the bottom.
15. Apply filtering (Dept = Sales) for the above dataset.
Process Steps:
1. Select any cell in the data table.
2. Go to the "Data" tab and click "Filter" (or
press Ctrl+Shift+L).
3. Drop-down arrows will appear in the header row.
4. Click the drop-down arrow in the "Dept" column.
5. Uncheck "Select All".
6. Check only "Sales".
7. Click OK.
Result: Only the row with Kiran (Sales department) will be
displayed.
16. Demonstrate data types (Enter salary as text vs number and
check the difference in calculations).
Example Demonstration:
Scenario 1 - Salary as Number:
- Cell A1: 50000 (formatted as number)
- Cell A2: 60000 (formatted as number)
- Cell A3: =SUM(A1:A2)
- Result: 110000 ✓ Correct calculation
Scenario 2 - Salary as Text:
- Cell B1: '50000 (entered with apostrophe as text)
- Cell B2: '60000 (entered with apostrophe as text)
- Cell B3: =SUM(B1:B2)
- Result: 0 ✗ Calculation fails
Key Difference: Excel can only perform mathematical operations on
numeric data types. Text values are ignored in calculations.
17. Create a chart (bar/pie) showing department-wise average
salary for the same dataset.
Process Steps:
1. Create a summary table:
|
Dept |
Avg Salary |
|
HR |
50000 |
|
Finance |
60000 |
|
Sales |
45000 |
|
IT |
70000 |
2. Select the summary data.
3. Go to the "Insert" tab.
4. Click on "Bar Chart" or "Pie Chart" from
the Charts group.
5. Choose the desired chart style (Clustered Bar or 3D Pie).
6. Add chart title: "Department-wise Average Salary".
7. Format the chart with appropriate colors and labels.
18. Convert data types and observe calculation errors for
mismatched values (numeric vs text).
Demonstration:
Step 1: Enter mixed data
- A1: 1000 (number)
- A2: "2000" (text - appears left-aligned)
- A3: 3000 (number)
Step 2: Try calculation
- A4: =SUM(A1:A3)
- Result: 4000 (only adds A1 and A3, ignores A2)
Step 3: Convert text to number
- Click on A2
- Error indicator appears with "Number Stored as Text"
- Click the error icon and select "Convert to Number"
- Now A4 shows: 6000 ✓ Correct
Observation: Mismatched data types cause calculation errors.
Always ensure consistent formatting for accurate results.
19. Create an Excel sheet with sales data and calculate the total
(Qty × Price).
Sample Data:
|
ProdID |
Product |
Qty |
Price |
Total |
|
101 |
Laptop |
5 |
50000 |
=C2*D2 |
|
102 |
Mouse |
20 |
500 |
=C3*D3 |
|
103 |
Keyboard |
15 |
1500 |
=C4*D4 |
|
104 |
Monitor |
10 |
15000 |
=C5*D5 |
Process Steps:
1. Enter the data in columns A to D.
2. In cell E2, enter the formula: =C2*D2
3. Press Enter.
4. Copy the formula down to E5 by dragging the fill handle.
Results:
- Laptop Total: 250000
- Mouse Total: 10000
- Keyboard Total: 22500
- Monitor Total: 150000
20. Apply the SUM and AVERAGE functions to calculate the total and
mean price.
Using the above sales data:
Total Price:
- Cell D6: =SUM(D2:D5)
- Result: 67000 (sum of all prices)
Average Price:
- Cell D7: =AVERAGE(D2:D5)
- Result: 16750 (mean of all prices)
Total of All Sales:
- Cell E6: =SUM(E2:E5)
- Result: 432500 (total revenue)
Average Sale:
- Cell E7: =AVERAGE(E2:E5)
- Result: 108125 (average revenue per product)
21. Use IF to check if Total ≥ 20,000 "High Sale" else
"Low Sale".
Using the sales data from Question 19:
Formula in cell F2:
=IF(E2>=20000,"High Sale","Low Sale")
Results:
|
ProdID |
Product |
Total |
Status |
|
101 |
Laptop |
250000 |
High Sale |
|
102 |
Mouse |
10000 |
Low Sale |
|
103 |
Keyboard |
22500 |
High Sale |
|
104 |
Monitor |
150000 |
High Sale |
Explanation:
- IF function checks the condition (Total >= 20000)
- If TRUE, displays "High Sale"
- If FALSE, displays "Low Sale"
22. Create a VLOOKUP formula to search product details by ProdID.
Setup:
Master Product Table (A1:C5):
|
ProdID |
Product |
Price |
|
101 |
Laptop |
50000 |
|
102 |
Mouse |
500 |
|
103 |
Keyboard |
1500 |
|
104 |
Monitor |
15000 |
Search Section:
Cell E2: Enter ProdID to search (e.g., 103)
Cell F2: =VLOOKUP(E2,A2:C5,2,FALSE) → Returns: Keyboard
Cell G2: =VLOOKUP(E2,A2:C5,3,FALSE) → Returns: 1500
Formula Breakdown:
- E2: Lookup value (ProdID to search)
- A2:C5: Table array (data range)
- 2 or 3: Column index (2=Product, 3=Price)
- FALSE: Exact match required
23. Create a Pivot Table (Employee, Department, Salary).
Source Data:
|
Employee Name |
Department |
Salary (Rs.) |
|
A |
Sales |
3000 |
|
B |
Accounts |
4000 |
|
C |
Marketing |
5000 |
|
D |
Sales |
6000 |
|
E |
Accounts |
4000 |
|
F |
Marketing |
8000 |
Process Steps:
1. Select the entire data range (A1:C7).
2. Go to "Insert" tab → Click "PivotTable".
3. Choose "New Worksheet" and click OK.
4. In PivotTable Fields pane:
- Drag
"Department" to Rows
- Drag "Employee
Name" to Rows (below Department)
- Drag "Salary"
to Values (automatically sums)
Pivot Table Result:
|
Department |
Sum of Salary |
|
Accounts |
8000 |
|
Marketing |
13000 |
|
Sales |
9000 |
|
Grand Total |
30000 |
24. Use COUNT/COUNTA to count employees in each department.
Formulas:
COUNT function (for numeric cells):
=COUNT(C2:C7) → Result: 6 (counts salary entries)
COUNTA function (for non-empty cells):
=COUNTA(A2:A7) → Result: 6 (counts employee names)
Department-wise count using COUNTIF:
- Sales: =COUNTIF(B2:B7,"Sales") → Result: 2
- Accounts: =COUNTIF(B2:B7,"Accounts") → Result: 2
- Marketing: =COUNTIF(B2:B7,"Marketing") → Result: 2
25. Apply conditional formatting (highlight salary > 5000).
Process Steps:
1. Select the salary column range (C2:C7).
2. Go to "Home" tab → "Conditional
Formatting".
3. Select "Highlight Cell Rules" → "Greater
Than".
4. Enter value: 5000
5. Choose formatting style (e.g., Light Red Fill with Dark Red
Text).
6. Click OK.
Result: Cells with salaries 6000 and 8000 (for employees D and F)
will be highlighted, making it easy to identify high earners.
26. Identify OS details (Windows/Linux/macOS version) of your
system.
Process Steps:
For Windows:
1. Press Windows Key + R
2. Type "winver" and press Enter
3. A window will display:
- OS Name: Windows 10/11
- Version: 22H2
- OS Build: 19045.xxxx
- Edition:
Pro/Home/Enterprise
Alternative Method:
1. Right-click on "This PC" → Properties
2. View system information
Sample Output:
OS Name: Windows 10 Pro
Version: 22H2
System Type: 64-bit Operating System
Processor: Intel Core i5
27. Use a utility software to compress a folder into .zip and
extract it.
Compression Steps:
1. Select the folder you want to compress.
2. Right-click on the folder.
3. Select "Send to" → "Compressed (zipped)
folder".
4. A .zip file will be created with the same name.
Extraction Steps:
1. Right-click on the .zip file.
2. Select "Extract All".
3. Choose destination folder.
4. Click "Extract".
5. Files will be extracted to the selected location.
Benefits:
- Reduces file size (saves storage space)
- Easy to share via email
- Faster upload/download
28. Create a Word document: insert a heading, table, image, and
apply styles.
Process Steps:
1. Insert Heading:
- Type the heading text
- Select it → Go to Home
tab
- Choose "Heading
1" from Styles gallery
2. Insert Table:
- Click Insert tab →
Table
- Select 3x3 grid (3
columns, 3 rows)
- Fill in data
3. Insert Image:
- Click Insert tab →
Pictures
- Choose "This
Device"
- Select image file →
Insert
- Resize and position as
needed
4. Apply Styles:
- Select text → Home tab
- Choose from Styles:
Normal, Heading 2, Title, etc.
- Apply font formatting:
Bold, Italic, Color
29. Perform a Mail Merge for an interview call letter to 5
candidates.
Process Steps:
1. Create Main Document
(Call Letter):
Date:
<<Date>>
To: <<Name>>
Address:
<<Address>>
Dear
<<Name>>,
You are invited for an
interview for the position of <<Position>>
on
<<Interview_Date>> at <<Time>>.
Regards,
HR Department
2. Create Data Source (Excel file):
|
Name |
Address |
Position |
Interview Date |
Time |
|
Ganga Prasad |
Delhi |
Manager |
15-Nov-25 |
10 AM |
|
Priya |
Mumbai |
Analyst |
15-Nov-25 |
11 AM |
|
Amit |
Pune |
Developer |
16-Nov-25 |
10 AM |
|
Sneha |
Bangalore |
HR |
16-Nov-25 |
2 PM |
|
Kiran |
Hyderabad |
Accountant |
17-Nov-25 |
10 AM |
3. Mail Merge Steps:
- Go to Mailings tab → Start Mail Merge → Letters
- Select Recipients → Use
Existing List → Choose Excel file
- Insert Merge Fields at
appropriate places
- Preview Results to
check
- Finish & Merge →
Print Documents or Edit Individual Documents
30. Prepare a resume in MS Word.
Structure:
[Your Name]
[Contact: Phone | Email | LinkedIn]
[Address]
CAREER OBJECTIVE
Seeking a challenging position in [field] where I can utilize my
skills and contribute to organizational growth.
EDUCATION
B.Com Computer Applications | Satavahana University | 2023-2026 |
CGPA: 8.5
Intermediate | Board | 2021-2023 | Percentage: 85%
SKILLS
- MS Office (Word, Excel, PowerPoint)
- Data Analysis & Visualization
- Database Management
- Programming: Python, SQL
- Communication & Teamwork
PROJECTS
- Sales Data Analysis using Excel (2025)
- Digital Marketing Campaign Report (2024)
CERTIFICATIONS
- Microsoft Office Specialist
- Google Digital Marketing
EXTRA-CURRICULAR
- College Cultural Fest Organizer
- NSS Volunteer
[Note: Insert professional photo in top-right corner]
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